Step 1: Reconsideration

This is the first level of appeal, where your claim is reviewed by a new SSA examiner.

• Deadline: You must request reconsideration within 60 days of receiving your denial.
• What to Submit: Provide new or updated medical evidence and correct any issues from your initial application.
• How to File: File online at ssa.gov, by mail, or through your local SSA office.

Tip: Make sure your medical records are up to date, and include any new diagnoses, treatments, or specialist visits.

Step 2: Administrative Law Judge (ALJ) Hearing

If your reconsideration is denied, you can request a hearing before an Administrative Law Judge.

• Deadline: Request the hearing within 60 days of your reconsideration denial.
• What to Expect: You’ll present your case in front of a judge. This may include your testimony, witness statements, and medical evidence.
• Location: Hearings in Illinois are typically held at ODAR (Office of Disability Adjudication and Review) locations or via video.

Tip: This is your best opportunity to make your case in person — preparation is critical.

Step 3: Appeals Council Review

If the ALJ denies your claim, you can request a review from the Appeals Council.

• What They Do: The Appeals Council will decide to approve your claim, return it to the ALJ for review, or deny it again.
• Timeline: These reviews can take several months.

Tip: You can include a written brief explaining why you believe the judge’s decision was incorrect.

Step 4: Federal Court Review

If the Appeals Council denies your request, the final step is to file a lawsuit in federal district court.

• This is a legal process that involves federal law and court procedures.
• You’ll likely need an attorney experienced in Social Security law at this stage.

Tip: Only proceed to this level if all other appeal options have been exhausted and you believe you have a strong legal case.